WhatsApp starter workflow
工作流概述
这是一个包含8个节点的中等工作流,主要用于自动化处理各种任务。
工作流源代码
{
"id": "yxv7OYbDEnqsqfa9",
"meta": {
"instanceId": "fb924c73af8f703905bc09c9ee8076f48c17b596ed05b18c0ff86915ef8a7c4a"
},
"name": "WhatsApp starter workflow",
"tags": [],
"nodes": [
{
"id": "9b385dfe-fa67-4c2c-83df-e3e02c0ff796",
"name": "Verify",
"type": "n8n-nodes-base.webhook",
"position": [
700,
180
],
"webhookId": "793f285b-9da7-4a5e-97ce-f0976c113db5",
"parameters": {
"path": "1fea1f5f-81c0-48ad-ae13-41e0f8e474ed",
"options": {},
"responseMode": "responseNode"
},
"typeVersion": 1.1
},
{
"id": "676efc61-c875-4675-a843-20f98ef1a642",
"name": "Respond to Webhook",
"type": "n8n-nodes-base.respondToWebhook",
"position": [
920,
180
],
"parameters": {
"options": {},
"respondWith": "text",
"responseBody": "={{ $json.query['hub.challenge'] }}"
},
"typeVersion": 1
},
{
"id": "8dd6d094-415c-40d7-ad2b-4ed9f2d23232",
"name": "Echo the message back",
"type": "n8n-nodes-base.whatsApp",
"position": [
1140,
540
],
"parameters": {
"textBody": "=Echo back: {{ $json.body.entry[0].changes[0].value.messages[0].text.body }}",
"operation": "send",
"phoneNumberId": "244242975437240",
"additionalFields": {},
"recipientPhoneNumber": "={{ $json.body.entry[0].changes[0].value.messages[0].from }}"
},
"credentials": {
"whatsAppApi": {
"id": "dy22WXWn0Xz4WRby",
"name": "WhatsApp account"
}
},
"typeVersion": 1
},
{
"id": "cd9e2cfd-9589-4390-95fd-f0bc3960d60c",
"name": "Is message?",
"type": "n8n-nodes-base.if",
"position": [
920,
540
],
"parameters": {
"options": {
"looseTypeValidation": true
},
"conditions": {
"options": {
"leftValue": "",
"caseSensitive": true,
"typeValidation": "loose"
},
"combinator": "and",
"conditions": [
{
"id": "8a765e57-8e39-4547-a99a-0458df2b75f4",
"operator": {
"type": "object",
"operation": "exists",
"singleValue": true
},
"leftValue": "={{ $json.body.entry[0].changes[0].value.messages[0] }}",
"rightValue": ""
}
]
}
},
"typeVersion": 2
},
{
"id": "20939289-3c4f-467a-b0e9-bf7e6d42cc18",
"name": "Sticky Note",
"type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
"position": [
660,
46
],
"parameters": {
"width": 618,
"height": 272,
"content": "## Verify Webhook
* Go to your [Meta for Developers App page](https://developers.facebook.com/apps/), navigate to the App settings
* Add a **production webhook URL** as a new Callback URL
* *Verify* webhook receives a GET Request and sends back a verification code
"
},
"typeVersion": 1
},
{
"id": "36ffeb5b-165a-4723-8250-a4feb9123140",
"name": "Sticky Note1",
"type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
"position": [
660,
360
],
"parameters": {
"width": 619,
"height": 343,
"content": "## Main flow
* *Respond* webhook receives various POST Requests from Meta regarding WhatsApp messages (user messages + status notifications)
* Check if the incoming JSON contains user message
* Echo back the text message to the user. This is a custom message, not a WhatsApp Business template message"
},
"typeVersion": 1
},
{
"id": "aa234bca-c8db-43c6-9aeb-02aef6a084e5",
"name": "Sticky Note2",
"type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
"position": [
240,
260
],
"parameters": {
"color": 3,
"width": 405,
"height": 177,
"content": "## Important!
### Configure the webhook nodes this way:
* Make sure that both *Verify* and *Respond* have the same URL
* *Verify* should have GET HTTP Method
* *Respond* should have POST HTTP Method"
},
"typeVersion": 1
},
{
"id": "2370b81a-0721-42fd-8893-e3ee02e20278",
"name": "Respond",
"type": "n8n-nodes-base.webhook",
"position": [
700,
540
],
"webhookId": "c4cbc1c4-e1f5-4ea5-bd9a-c5f697493985",
"parameters": {
"path": "1fea1f5f-81c0-48ad-ae13-41e0f8e474ed",
"options": {},
"httpMethod": "POST"
},
"typeVersion": 1.1
}
],
"active": true,
"pinData": {},
"settings": {
"callerPolicy": "workflowsFromSameOwner",
"executionOrder": "v1",
"saveManualExecutions": true,
"saveDataSuccessExecution": "all"
},
"versionId": "0d254e91-2ad0-4f38-97d5-fec5057043ea",
"connections": {
"Verify": {
"main": [
[
{
"node": "Respond to Webhook",
"type": "main",
"index": 0
}
]
]
},
"Respond": {
"main": [
[
{
"node": "Is message?",
"type": "main",
"index": 0
}
]
]
},
"Is message?": {
"main": [
[
{
"node": "Echo the message back",
"type": "main",
"index": 0
}
]
]
}
}
}
功能特点
- 自动检测新邮件
- AI智能内容分析
- 自定义分类规则
- 批量处理能力
- 详细的处理日志
技术分析
节点类型及作用
- Webhook
- Respondtowebhook
- If
- Stickynote
复杂度评估
配置难度:
维护难度:
扩展性:
实施指南
前置条件
- 有效的Gmail账户
- n8n平台访问权限
- Google API凭证
- AI分类服务订阅
配置步骤
- 在n8n中导入工作流JSON文件
- 配置Gmail节点的认证信息
- 设置AI分类器的API密钥
- 自定义分类规则和标签映射
- 测试工作流执行
- 配置定时触发器(可选)
关键参数
| 参数名称 | 默认值 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| maxEmails | 50 | 单次处理的最大邮件数量 |
| confidenceThreshold | 0.8 | 分类置信度阈值 |
| autoLabel | true | 是否自动添加标签 |
最佳实践
优化建议
- 定期更新AI分类模型以提高准确性
- 根据邮件量调整处理批次大小
- 设置合理的分类置信度阈值
- 定期清理过期的分类规则
安全注意事项
- 妥善保管API密钥和认证信息
- 限制工作流的访问权限
- 定期审查处理日志
- 启用双因素认证保护Gmail账户
性能优化
- 使用增量处理减少重复工作
- 缓存频繁访问的数据
- 并行处理多个邮件分类任务
- 监控系统资源使用情况
故障排除
常见问题
邮件未被正确分类
检查AI分类器的置信度阈值设置,适当降低阈值或更新训练数据。
Gmail认证失败
确认Google API凭证有效且具有正确的权限范围,重新进行OAuth授权。
调试技巧
- 启用详细日志记录查看每个步骤的执行情况
- 使用测试邮件验证分类逻辑
- 检查网络连接和API服务状态
- 逐步执行工作流定位问题节点
错误处理
工作流包含以下错误处理机制:
- 网络超时自动重试(最多3次)
- API错误记录和告警
- 处理失败邮件的隔离机制
- 异常情况下的回滚操作